Different goods. The same burden of proof.
These are structural worked examples, not customer case studies or certification decisions. Each shows what has to be proved and where the evidence layer stops.
From a plantlet to a financing decision
Seven links, with one evidence chain and no claim that a footprint alone proves agricultural quality.
| Link | What must be proved | Evidence supplied |
|---|---|---|
| 01 · Plantlet production | Batch output, nursery energy and functional unit | Meter stream, batch record, kgCO₂e/plantlet |
| 02 · Inputs | Media, nutrients and water within the declared boundary | Quantity ledger and factor provenance |
| 03 · Farm transfer | Batch identity survives transport and mixing rules | Attributed handoff and exception record |
| 04 · Cultivation | Yield, energy and allocation under the same method | Metred share and evidence grade |
| 05 · Processing | Wet/dry process energy and batch mass balance | Batch ledger and boundary reconciliation |
| 06 · Export | Plot, batch and container references agree | EUDR shipment pack and public anchor |
| 07 · Finance | The lender knows which evidence it relied on | Portable record, grade and revocation status |
The evidence layer supports the claim about measured carbon and traceability. It does not certify cup quality, farm profitability or a borrower's creditworthiness.
Underwriting the cost of being wrong
Evidence grade can be a rating factor because it describes how much of a claim is measured and how easily it can be reconstructed. It is not a direct estimate of loss.
A portfolio model needs historical revocation, dispute and severity data before a rate is credible. Until then, a grade-based price is a hypothesis, not actuarial evidence.
| Input | Use |
|---|---|
| Evidence grade | Primary-data coverage indicator |
| Revocation history | Frequency signal by method and sector |
| Exception records | Data-quality and control weaknesses |
| Public anchors | Time and integrity of the relied-upon record |
| Claims outcomes | Severity calibration over time |
We charge flat data or assurance fees. No commission on underwriting or claims outcomes.
One bottle across four countries
A consolidated claim must show where primary data ends and secondary factors begin.
Origin batches
Supplier records, allocation and evidence grades for each material ingredient.
Site energy
Metered production energy, output and batch mass balance at the bottling site.
Transport hops
Route, temperature class, storage time and container references across borders.
Qualified wording
A bottle-level statement only as broad as the boundary and evidence coverage allow.
If the bottle is marketed as “climate neutral”, the footprint alone is insufficient. Claims assurance tests the additional wording, instruments and substantiation; the evidence layer does not silently turn into an offset provider.